African buffalo (often called Cape buffalo) are powerful, gregarious bovids that roam savannahs, woodlands and wetlands. Recognised by their massive curved horns and dark hides, they are a cornerstone species of Africa’s grassland ecosystems.

Buffalo live in herds ranging from a few dozen to several hundred animals, with old bulls sometimes forming smaller bachelor groups. Their collective vigilance and willingness to charge make them one of the continent’s most dangerous animals when threatened, even for lions.

By grazing extensively and wallowing in mud, buffalo shape vegetation patterns and provide habitats for birds and insects. Calves are usually born in the rainy season, when food is plentiful, and are protected within the herd’s centre.

In Serengeti National Park, African buffalo roam in large herds, often numbering hundreds of individuals. They are usually seen grazing on grasses in open plains or near waterholes, providing excellent photo opportunities.

Buffalo are highly social and rely on the herd for protection against predators like lions and hyenas. Watching the interactions within the herd—dominance displays, protective behaviours for calves, and group movements—offers a unique glimpse into savannah dynamics.

Serengeti’s diverse ecosystem means buffalo often share grazing areas with zebras, wildebeest, and antelopes. Early morning or late afternoon drives are ideal for observing active herd behaviour.